In the com­plex land­scape of migra­tion, this sec­ond vol­ume of the report, On This Jour­ney, No One Cares if You Live or Die, emerges as a cru­cial body of work that sheds light on the stark real­i­ties faced by refugees and migrants tra­vers­ing the per­ilous Cen­tral Mediter­ranean route all the way from East and Horn of Africa and West Africa to the North African coast of the Mediter­ranean and across the sea. Joint­ly pub­lished by IOM, MMC and UNHCR, this report delves into the pro­tec­tion risks faced by refugees and migrants dur­ing these jour­neys. It aims to inform increased and con­crete routes-based pro­tec­tion respons­es to reduce the suf­fer­ing asso­ci­at­ed with the des­per­ate jour­neys refugees and migrants under­take, and to serve as a call to action in address­ing the root caus­es of dis­place­ment and dri­vers of irreg­u­lar migra­tion through pos­i­tive action on peace, cli­mate change, gov­er­nance, inequal­i­ty and social cohe­sion, as well as the cre­ation of safe migra­tion pathways.