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Alain Werner will discuss why and how victims of international crimes all around the world look for ways to get justice for war crimes or related crimes outside the usual framework of international tribunals (ICC and otherad hoc tribunals). He will examine the history of international criminal justice since the end of the cold war, and then look at some of the most emblematic cases since 1998 outside the usual framework (including the Pinochet and Habré cases), before explaining the efforts of his organization, Civitas Maxima, to get justice for war crimes in Liberia since 2012, which has met initial success in the past few years with very concrete cases.